Capalbio was founded by the Etruscans, taken by the Romans, invaded by the Ostrogoths and Lombard barbarians, donated to the Tre Fontane Abbey in Rome by Charlemagne, and sold to the powerful Aldobrandeschi family in the 11th Century, it then got interesting

Capabio was passed to the Santa Fiora family in 1216, before battles between the Guelphs and Ghibellines saw it given to Count Ugo il Forte of the Pitigliano-Savano family. At the end of the 14th Century it was conquered by the city of Orvieto who wanted the weath and mines of the region. They paid the Holy See to call it their own in 1312, but had to defend it constantly against attacks by the Aldobrandeschi, who wanted it back, and who succeeded in 1318. Their declining power and influence, however, saw it conquered by the Sienese in 1416, who fortified the castles and walls and ushered in a period of prosperity until 1555 and the war between Siena and the Spanish backed Firenze, who took Capalbio after a 15 month siege. It’s nice and quiet these days, however.